Understanding the Role of Ultrasound in Early Pregnancy Detection

Ultrasound technology has developed and improved over time to confirm and monitor pregnancies. During pregnancy, ultrasound is used as a non-invasive diagnostic tool that creates images of the internal organs. For individuals newly pregnant or attempting conception, ultrasound plays a critical role in early pregnancy detection.

How Soon a Pregnancy Can Be Detected on Ultrasound

A doctor or ultrasonographer can detect a pregnancy from as early as five and a half to six weeks from the last menstrual cycle. In these first stages of a pregnancy, an ultrasound will show a gestational sac that houses the developing embryo in the uterus. By the sixth week, it may be possible to view the embryo or fetal pole.

The Importance of Early Pregnancy Ultrasound

An early pregnancy ultrasound is instrumental in confirming whether a pregnancy is viable, the location of the embryo, and the gestational age of the fetus. For women who are experiencing a high-risk pregnancy, an early ultrasound is critical. These initial screenings help detect life-threatening ectopic pregnancies in which the embryo implants outside the uterus. In addition, early ultrasounds help to predict other potential complications and the number of embryos. Low-risk pregnancies usually only require an ultrasound from eight weeks onwards.

What Early Pregnancy Ultrasounds Show

An early pregnancy ultrasound can detect the signs of a developing embryo, from the first electromagnetic pulses to the size of the gestational sac and embryo. Along with the embryo’s presence, location, and size, this ultrasound will also help doctors examine the thickness of the endometrial lining and the overall health of the uterus and the ovaries. All this information contributes to the doctor’s understanding of the pregnancy’s progression.

What Does an Early Pregnancy Ultrasound Look Like?

Early pregnancy ultrasounds can be especially difficult to decipher without the help of a doctor. The black, white, and grey images show various tissues and internal structures. The gestational sac is a dark, fluid-filled space, while the fetal pole appears as white circles or lines in the sac. A range of factors may affect how visible these structures are, such as the type of ultrasound performed, the mother’s body type, and the accuracy of the menstrual cycle dates. As the embryo develops, the details become clearer. The earliest ultrasounds are primarily used to confirm the pregnancy, ensure it isn’t an ectopic pregnancy, and take measurements.

Types of Early Pregnancy Ultrasounds

There are two types of pregnancy ultrasounds performed on women: abdominal and transvaginal. During an abdominal ultrasound, the ultrasound transducer is moved along the woman’s abdomen to produce an image. During a transvaginal ultrasound, a smaller wand-like transducer is inserted into the vagina. A transvaginal ultrasound is more commonly performed during the early stages of pregnancy as it produces a clearer image. This is because the transducer is closer to the reproductive organs.

In the early stages, ultrasound is the best way to assess and confirm a pregnancy. It confirms whether the pregnancy is viable, if there are potential complications, and what the gestational age is. This imaging method helps doctors ensure the health and well-being of both the mother and fetus. If you are in the early stages of pregnancy, contact a clinic with a team of experienced doctors who can perform early pregnancy ultrasounds.

OMNI Ultrasound & Gynaecological Care

Condous performs Advanced Endosurgery procedures for women needing intervention for pelvic masses, adnexal pathology, severe endometriosis or hysterectomy. He also runs ‘Hands on’ Live Sheep Laparoscopic Workshops for gynaecologists at Camden Veterinarian School.
Having completed an undergraduate degree with the University of Adelaide, he left Australia in 1993 and moved to London where he completed his training in Obstetrics and Gynaecology. From 2001 to 2003 Condous worked as a Senior Research Fellow at St George’s Hospital, London. At St George’s he set up the Acute Gynaecology Unit, the first in the United Kingdom. It was also during this time that he developed an interest in Early Pregnancy and especially the management of pregnancies of unknown location (PULs). Condous has developed many mathematical models for the prediction of outcome of PULs which have been featured in numerous peer review journals. In 2005, he returned to Australia where he completed his Laparoscopic Fellowship at the Centre for Advanced Reproductive Endosurgery, Royal North Shore, Sydney.

Condous was appointed as a Consultant Gynaecologist and Senior Lecturer at Nepean Hospital in 2006 and soon was made Associate Professor. In 2010, he was made Departmental Head of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Nepean Hospital. He obtained the MRCOG in 1999 and was made FRANZCOG in 2005. In 2009, he was awarded his Doctorate in Medicine (MD), University of London, for his thesis entitled: “The management of pregnancies of unknown location and the development of new mathematical models to predict outcome”.

Condous has edited three books including the “Handbook of Early Pregnancy Care”, published over 100 papers in international journals and is internationally renowned for his work in Early Pregnancy. He is the Associate Editor for Gynaecologic Obstetric Investigation, which is a European based journal, as well as the Australasian Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine (AJUM). He is on the organising committee and is an invited speaker at the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynaecology (ISUOG) Scientific meeting in Sydney 2013. His current research interests relate to the management of ectopic pregnancy, 1st trimester growth, PULs and miscarriage and the use of transvaginal ultrasound (in particular sonovaginography, to predict posterior compartment deep infiltrating rectovaginal endometriosis).Condous is also actively involved with post-graduate education including the annual running of the Early Pregnancy and Gynaecological Ultrasound Interactive Courses for Sonologists, Radiologists, Sonographers and Gynaecologists in Australia.